Material disposal apparatus



s. M. GooDER 2,318,154 MATERIAL DISPOSAL APPARATUS Cifled Oct. 28, 19415 Sheets-Sheet 1 May 4, 1943.

s. MqGooDE MATERIAL DISPOSAL APPARATUS May 4, 1943.

5 sheets-sheet 2 Filed Oct. 28, 1941 May 4, 1943. s. M. sooDERMTERIAI'.; DISPOSAL APPARATUS Filed Oct. 28, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

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f f i Z f L v ,L d a May 4, 1943. s. M.GooDER MATERIAL DISPOSALAPPARATUS Filed Oct.. 28, 1941V 5 Shee(.S-Sheel'I 4 May 4 1943 s. M.GODER` 2,318,154

MATERIAL DISPOSAL APPARATUS Filed oct. 2a. 1941 5 sheets-sheet sjzdnfof/ Patented May 4, 1943 UNITED. STATES@ .ceram oFF-l CEL MATERIALDIsrosALArPARATUs Seth M. Gooder, Deerfield, Ill. Applicatie@ october2s, 1941,seria1No. 416,920,

(ci. (s1-ssl 10 Claims. The p resent invention has for itsv objectctoprof.

vide means for eciently and quickly emptying dumping cars and disposingof` their contents.V

When excavating tunnels, subways, or the like,

the excavated material is usually hauled away in small dump cars whichmust be unloaded and the contents be then raised to` thesurfaceof theeach cali may turn with thecase, when positioned..

in the same, without uncoupling it frornadjacent cars. In this Way eachcar is simply turned over to dump its load, upon reaching theunloading.' station, and is then restored. to itsuprignt.. po.-V

sition so as to permit the4 train to moveahead e, car. length and brinethenext carlnto. dump:`

iner position. InV this aspect o f the invention, the apparatus isuseful wherever large. quantitiesof material must be moved, regardlessof. What. hap.- pensto the ,samel after being dumped.

A further object of the present Ainvention is to provide a simple` andnovel arrangement for associating with a car dumping apparatus anairlock which permits the material to be transferred from a tunnel tothe outside, or in the opposite direction.. Without permitting theescape of any objectionable amount of air when the. air in the tunnel orsubway is being maintained under a considerable pressure.

A further object of thepresent invention isr to provide an automaticinterlock.. between a hoist located in a shaft close to a tunnel,subway, o r the like, and the transferring apparatus for `e2;- cavatingmaterial, whereby no niaterialcan be delivered into the shaftV unlessthe h oist for the apparatus is ready to receiveit.

The various features of novelty whereby my invention is characterizedwill hereinafter be.

pointed out with particularity in the claims; but, for a fullunderstanding of my invention and of its objects and advantages,reference may be had to. connection with the accompanying drawings,wherein:

Figure 1. is a vertical section through. the

ground at and below the bottom. oi e tunnel, or

the .following detailed description taken in.

v. cllldins; the. face of the be self-evident.

the like, at an. unloading op dumping station showing in. elevation. a.train ci eers and: the

dumping apparatus or mechanism, elle the site' per; ne. 2 is. an.elevation cnY e. nuclilereer scale, of a fraementof. the rotatable.@lille inthe air-lock:A Fie.. 3. is a sectlonon line 3.-3 el Fie 2;'Fie... 4 is a section taken approximately on line 4-4 of Eig.. l'; Fig.5 isa diagram illustrating the electric control` system; Elg- 6 is a,section.' on a larger scale than Fls.- Lon. line li.-6-`Qt7Fle`-f 1.;ne. i is c section Online l-l.- cf 6:, 8 is. a section taken.approximately on lice @f8 ojvljlig. '7, but on a smaller scale; andVshowing only the air-lock portion ot the apparatufsl Fig.

ll is a section. taken applolsilnetlely' on line 9?-9 cf. Fie. 7, cn theseine' scale alle; shell/ille the seme apparatus as. Eier., .8.; Fie lllis. il.v lonelitlldl? nel centralv sectionthrelleh the. dllverlellClfQf, `the cir-lock drum and. adjacent necllenlslniicillely the. endat tliev riehtliend side. lll Fiati, Fla 1l is a face View of one of thereteliets cppeie in. Fia 10,. together with the poul. 'cooperating with.the same; Eie- 121 isa vicW partly in local? tuflinel section andpartly in elevatllen, lllllsltltt-r ine one. of the couplings, betweeneers:- lile- 1 3 is a section on line lt-IS. 0f Fie- 12.; all@ Fie 141s.c horizontal section. through ,one of the socket. members. with thecorresponding- 'elld 0f the coupling bei" shown. in elevation, in'Working posi-' tion inthe socket. 1n the drawings theJ presentinvention has been illustrated as embodied in an. apparatus ci mechanismfor handling material eiavat'efd in the iieeine or 4tonne cf c tunnelyci the like, lnhoisting of the material to the 'sur-v ground; and, forthesake of. brevity, the detailed description will be confined to. thisparticular form of the invention, since the utility of the Whole orparts thereof, other eldswill Referring to Figs. 1 and i of thedrawings, I represents the floor of a tunnel on which have. been laidrails 2n for supporting clump cars 3, B elow the bottom of the tunnel,at a point-Which is to serve as an unloading station, there is a pit 5from the bottom of which a passage 6, prefer'- ably rectangular in crosssection, of,l large area, extends laterally and downwardly until itmeets a vertical shaft l. This shaftl may extend to the surface of theground and be carried up still higher, in the form o f a tower, as inmyprior Patent No. 2,190,004. In the pit is an airlocks materialtransferring unit A, driven by a., suitable, motor B, which may besimilar to that illustrated in prior Patentv No, 2,227,749, Above thepitl is a rotary cage 8 adapted the contents of which may transferringunit when the upside down.

As best shown in Figs. 6 and "I, the air-lock and transfer devicecomprises a stationary cylindrical shell 9 closed at the ends, the axisof the cylinder being horizontal and extending lengthwise of the tunnel.The shell contains large openings-l0, 'I in the top and bottom, thelength of the openings being almost as great as the length of the shell.The lowermost opening registers with the upper end of the inclinedpassage or chute 6. Within the shell 9 is a rotatable cylindrical drumIl having in the cylindrical wall thereof an opening l2 about the samelength and width as one of the openings lll. The drum is somewhatsmaller in diameterA than the shell 9 and carries on its periphery aseries of sealing units. In the arrangements shown, each sealing unitcomprises two metal strips llt and l and an intervening stripY I6 ofpacking material, preferably soft rubber. These strips extend the entirelength of the drum parallel with the axis of the drum. The strip I4 isfastened directly to the outer surface of the drum, -while the strips l5and I6 are secured to one side of the; strip lll by suitable .screws l1.Upon tightening the screws Il, the rubber strip is compressed andexpanded somewhat in the radical direction to insure good Contactbetween the same and the surrounding shell. `These sealing units aredistributed approximately uniformly about the: periphery of the drum,except that two ofl them lie directly on opposite sides of the openingor window. As in the later of my aforesaidpatents, the eiective capacityof the drum is that of a receptacle I3 xed within the drum with its openside constituting the effective opening into the drum.

The shell or casing 9 and the ends oi the drum proper, ll, are closed bysturdy disks i9 secured to theends of'the shell by screws 2G. The drumhas at eachend a narrow peripheral flange 2| that its within thesurrounding shell and,v surrounding the drum,` adjacent to eachflangegare a packing ring 22,'preferably of rubber, and a clamping ring2li, which are convenientlyv fastened to the corresponding flanges'byscrews 25. By tightening thev screws 25, the rings 24 are drawn towardthe corresponding flanges 2l, thereby compressing the packing rings andexpanding them radially into engagement with the surounding shell orcasing. This packing lat the ends of the drum, Vtogether with thelongitudinal packing units, eiectively seals the uni'tagainst thepassage of air through the same, except such air as may be contained inthe matemi which ie delivered inte the drum fer the purpose ofdischarging it into the inclined passageor cnute 6.

'The cage 8 has wide, ring-like end sections 26 which 'rest on flangedrollers 21 mounted upon the"'shell vor casing 9 in a manner to form acradle for the cage. In the arrangement shown, there are twoupwardly-diverging plates 28 rising from opposite sides'ofthe upperopening l0 in the stationary shell; these plates being of the samelength as said opening. Spaning the space between the ends of the plates23 and extending well beyond the same are two stationary vertical plates29 fixed to and rising from the top of th'eshell 9. The upper edges ofthe plates 2S are curved to t the rim-like endl sections 2S of thecage." The supporting wheels for the cage are to receive a dump car, bedumped into the dump car is turned conveniently mounted 'onnlaterally-projectingflanges 3! at the ends of the plates 2B; theseflanges in turn being braced by means of sturdy brackets 3l xed to theperiphery of the shell 9 and having portions lying against and extendingalong these flanges.

Within the cage is a flat bed, which may consist simply of a pair ofsturdy cross ties 32, provided with rails 34 that register with therails 2 in the tunnel proper when the bed is in a horizontal position atthe bottom ofthe cage. Within the cage, above and on opposite sides ofthe rails 34, are a pair of stiff angular plates 35 extending throughoutthe length of and rigidly fixed to the cage. These angular plates are ofsuch a size-and shape and are so disposed that then the usual dump car,comprising a little wheeled chassis 36 and a hopper-like body 31 is runinto the cage, the noses or corners of the angular plates extend inclose to the body and overlie the chassis, while the upper portions ofthe plates lie fairly close to and approximately parallel with the sidesof the car body. When the cage is rotated, these heavy angle platessupport the car except at times when it is resting on the rails. VEachcar is provided with couplings C so disposed that their longitudinalaxes register with the longitudinal axis of the cage S. By properlyconstructing these couplings, as -Will hereinafter be explained, any carinV a train Vof cars may be enteredl in the cage and -be rotated withthe latter without being disconnected from the cars before and behindit, thereby making it unnecessary to uncouple the cars in order to beable to overturn them, one at a time. f

It will be seen that the stationary plates 28 and 29 form a hopper intowhich the. contents of the car are dumped when the car is over`l turned;this hopper directing the charge intoV the receptacle withinthe drumwhen the mouth ofthe latter is up, as shown in Fig. 6.

So far as the handling of the material entering the drumis concerned,this is the same as' in the apparatus of my aforesaid Patent No.2,227,749. In other words, when the drum is turned through an angle ofone hundred eighty degrees from the position indicated in Fig. 6, themouth or entrance to thersame registers. with the lower opening l0 inthe stationary shell Y or casing 9 and with the upper end of the in-fclined discharge passage or chute 6.. After the drum has dumped itscharge, a further turning movement of one hundred eighty degrees bringsit back into the receiving position where it is ready to receive anotherload.

From the chutev6, the material flows into the. bucket 31 of a suitablehoist, when the latter is down.

I have provided a suitable drive means and a controlling system thereforto permit the cage to be turned through a single revolution, so as todump the load of a car therein and then re-' turn the car to its uprightposition; andthen to cause the drum to rotate and'deposit theY load orcharge into the discharge chute and again return to itsreceiving'position; and toprevent the operation of the drum except whenthe bucket in the hoist apparatus is in positionl to receive materialiflowing -down throughv the. discharge chute.

Both the drum andthe cage are driven by the motor B; the motor being ofthe reversible type so that when it turns in one direction itoper@ atesthe cage, while the drum is turned when the ,motor is reversed. 1- In`the I arrangement 3 shown. rthe drum is provided with long trunnionswneei 42|, are two ratchet wheeista and: 45; the' ratchet wheel 44 beingloose on the shaft and` the other being keyed to the shaft, as indicatedat 46 in Fig. l0. The ratchet wheel, 44, as-bestshownA in Fig. 10, issecured tothe large gear wheel 4l by screws 41. Also loose on the shaftsection' 39 is a pan-shaped housing 48 that-hasaV heavy hub 49rwhichserves asone element of a coupling D between the member 48 andl theshaft of the motor. Mounted within the hous` ing 48' are twospring-pressed vpawls- 50 and 5l cooperating with the ratchets 44 and45, respectively. Consequently, when the motor isrturned inonedirection, namely the clockwise direc-v tion in Fig. 8, the paWl 502drivesA the ratchet Wheel. 44 and thelarge gear wheeld-l, so thatturning of the: cage results. motor, the pawl which previously rode idlyover the ratchet wheel` 45, drives the latter ratchet wheel and,therefore, the material transferring drumb and airv lock.

I have provided. a control system for the motor so that, upon startingthe latter, it turnsthe cage through a complete revolution and thenstops; thus causing a filled car within the cage to be turned over so asto dump its contents, and then to be returned to an upright position.Then, upon reversing. the motor, the drum, into which the load has justbeen dumped, is turned through a complete revolution; thus allowing-`the contents to be spilledA from the drum into the chute 6 and into thebucket 31 of the hoisting apparatus, after which the drum is restored tothe material-receivingY position and the motor stops. This controlsystem is illustrated diagrammatically in Fig. 5. Referring to thediagram, 52 represents the handle and movable member of a double-throwswitch having two stationary contacts 54 and 55, with eitherl ofV whichthe movable switch element .may be engaged. Normally, the movable switchmember stands in an idle position, clear of both of the contact pieces.56 and 51 are the lines for supplying current for energizing the motor.One of these lines is connected directly to a terminal on the motorwhile the other is connected to a terminal 59 on the main switch, whichterminal is connected to the movable switch member. The stationarycontact piece 54.-.of the main switch is connected to a contact finger60 by means of a wire-6 l. This contact nger rides on theperiphery of aring G2 of conducting material which, as will be hereinafter explained,is fastened to and rotates with the large gear wheel 4I. A secondcontact nger 64 engages the ring 62'v and is connected by a wire 55rto asecond Upon reversing the fixed to the drum so as to rotate therewith.Another contact finger' 68 engages withV the ring. 61v and is connectedto a third terminal on the motor through a wire 69. Consequently, whenthe switch handle is swung toward the left in Fig. 5, so as toclose thecircuitk at the stationary contact 55, the motor is energized but in amanner to cause it to turn in the reverse direction; thereby causing thematerial-transferring drum to be rotated.

The line or wire 69 contains a normally-open switch 58 which is heldclosed by the bucket 31l as long as the latter is. at the bottom of theVshaft. Therefore', while this switch does not prevent the operation ofthe motor for turning the cage, it prevents the motor from turning thedrum except when the bucket is in position to receive materialdischarged by the drum.

It is desiredthat the motor stop whenever the cage or the drum, as thecase may be, has been turned through a complete revolution. I accomplishthis by providing means to keep the motor circuit closed fo-r thenecessary number of revolutions of the motor, after the main switch.

has been closed momentarily and then openedy again. To this end I haveprovided automatic switches which, in the arrangement shown, include therings `of conducting material 52 and 51. Located below each of theserings is a rocking device including a contact finger 1E); these rockingdevices being biased in some suitable manner, as, for example, byproviding them with counter-weights 1l, so that normally they are out ofengagement with their respective. rings. Each of the rocker devices isalso provided with aY projecting arm 12 adapted to underlie and en.-gage with the periphery of a ring beside and concentric with thecorresponding ring of conducting material. These additional rings areindicated at 1d and 15. In the periphery of each. of the rings 14 and 15is a notch 16. The parts are so proportioned that when the free ends ofthe arm 12 register with the notches 16, the rocker devices moveangularly in the direction to carry their. contact fingers 1i) away fromthe correspondingY rings 52V and B1. However, upon turningthe rings farenough to carry the notches clear of the ends'of, the arms 12, the armsmust' ride on the unmutilated portions of the peripheriesof the rings 14and 15, thereby pressing their contact fingers 19 against the rings 62and ii?, respectively. It will be seen thatvone of the contact Ingers 10is connected to the terminal 59 l by a wire 11, while the other is alsoconnected to this same terminal by a wire` 1S. Therefore, when either ofthe Contact fingers 1G is engaged with its ring of conducting material,a motor circuit is established inclependentiy Vof the main switch. Theparts are so proportioned in the actual machine or apparatus that theautomatic switch of which the ring 52 forms a part, is open whenever thecage-is in its normal posi*- tion oi' rest, as indicated in Fig. 6,whereas the other automatic switch, including the ring 61, isv

open whenever the drumis in its material-ref:

ceiving position, as indicated in Fig. 6. With this arrangement, uponswinging the handle of' the main switch toward the right in 5, the cir?cuit of the motor is momentarily ciosed through the main switch. As soonas the cage has rotated far enough to cause the arm i?! of the automaticswitch to ride out of the notch 16Y and upon lthe unmutilated peripheryof the ring 1'4, a new circuit for the motor is estabiished', and

the operator may then open the main switch. The motor continues to rununtil the cage has made a complete revolution, so as toA permit the arm12 of the corresponding automatic vswitch again to drop into the notch16 andthereby cause this switch to open the motor circuit.

After the cage has made .a complete revolution and the now-empty car hasbeen restored to an upright position, the operator simply swings theswitch handle toward the left, as viewedin Fig. 5, and, after the motorhas again started, but in the reverse direction, again opens the switch.In the meantime, the second of the automatic switches has established amotor circuit independent of the main switch, so that the motorcontinues to run until the drum has been turned through a completerevolution; the motor then stopping automatically.

The mechanical construction of the automatic switch apparatuses is bestshown in Figs. '7 and 10. It will be seen that the metal ring 62 forms arim for a ring 19 of insulating material and of considerable radialwidth. The rings 14 and 19 are secured to the large gear wheel 4l bymeans of bolts 80. Likewise, the ring 61 surrounds and forms a rim on adisk 8| of insulating material which, in turn, is provided with a hub 82xed upon the trunnion er shaft section 38 of the drum unit. The ring 15is shown as taking the form of a second disk of insulating materialwhich is secured to the disk 8l by bolts 89. The ro-cker members of theautomatic switches are mounted in the bottom of the pit 5 on'suitablepedestals 95, each of the counter-weights being pivotally supported uponits pedestal by a pivot pin 86. It will be seen that the elements and 12are offset with respect to each other in the direction of the length ofthe pivotal axis, so that each underlies the ring or disk with which itcooperates.

The contact fingers 59, 515, B6 and 63 are mounted, in any suitablemanner, in the pit in operative relation to the rings 62 and 61, as bestshown in Figs. 8 and 9.

Anysuitable couplings may be providedbetween cars, as long as theyafford the freedom of relativemovements required for cars operated intrains around curves and on grades, provided that each car is adapted torevolve about a longitudinal axis which registers with the axis of thecage when the car is positioned in the cage.l In Figs. l2 to 14 I haveillustrated a simple type of coupling which is satisfactory for mypurpose. This coupling comprises a bar 31 of the proper length, shapedat each end into the form of a ball 88, together with socket members 89,one of which is adapted to be attached to each end of the under-frame orchassis of each car. Each socket member comprises simply a casting moreor less U-shaped in cross section and having in the front end a slot 90of approximately the same width as the diameter of the bar 81 extendingdown from the top thereof. The space within the casting, inwardly fromthe opening in the front, is made wide enough to permit the ball at oneend of the bar to enterthe same while the body portionof the bar passesdown through the slot; and the surface immediately behind the wall inwhich the slot occurs is preferably shaped, as indicated at 9|, to thesame spherical curvature as that of the ball, so as to provide the ballwith a good bearing seat and produce a satisfactory ball and socketjoint between the c ar and the bar. The edges bounding the slot at thetop and at the bottom are ared in the outward direction so as to provideample room for the bar to swing, Vnot only up and down, butr alsosidewise, while the ball simply turns in its seat or socket.

Suitable means must be provided to hold each end of the bar in thesockets of two cars which are being connected by the bar. In thearrange-` ment shown, the side walls of the socket are extended upwardlyfar enough at the front or outer end to permit them to be provided withregistering transverse bores just above the bar when the latter is inplace. The bar can then be held from being lifted out of its seat orsocket by inserting a suitable pin or dog in the bores. In thearrangement shown, one side of the socket member is thickened in theoutward direction to provide an elongated cylindrical casing 92registering with the bore 94 in that side of the casting. The outer orfree end of the casing 92 contains a central opening 95 smaller indiameter than the main bore. A rod 96 extends through the opening 94 andthrough the interior of the casing92. On the inner end of the rod is anenlarged section 91 which is a sliding t in the bores 94 and which islonger than the width of the slot 90. Within the casing, surrounding therod, and bearing at one end against the outer end wall of the casing andat the other end against the shoulder formed by the enlarged part 91, isa compression spring 98 which acts constantly in a direction to forcethe part or plunger 91 into its locking position illustrated in Fig. 13.When it is desired to uncouple, the rod is simply pulled until the freeend of the plunger or locking dog hasv been drawn entirely across and isclear of the slot 90, whereupon the coupling bar may be swung up so asto lift the ball out of the socket. The rod 96 may be of any desiredlength, and its outer, free end may be provided with a handle orhandheld 99 to be grasped by the operator. If it be desired to limit theinward movement of the rod, so as to stop it when the plunger portion orlocking element thereof has reached the desired position, a shoulderthat may take any form as, for example, that of a pin' |00, may belocated on the rod for engagement with the end of the casing 92 when theplunger or locking element reaches its locking position.

It will thus be seen that IV have produced a simple and novel apparatusor system for rapidly overturning each loaded car of a train when itreaches an unloading station, to empty it, without requiring it to beuncoupled from the other cars in the train; and that -this may be donein any situation, Whether underground or above ground. It will also beseen that I have made it possible, through the mere manipulation of amaster switch, to empty a carin a tunnel or the like; deliver itscontents to a pointY outside of the tunnel; and automatically restorethe car to service conditions; all without permitting any appreciableamount of compressed air to escape from the tunnel during the process.It will further be seen that I have made it impossible to dischargematerial into the shaft for the hoisting apparatus unless the bucket orother'receiving member of a conveying apparatus be in `proper positionto receive the material; although cars may be emptied into the air lockunit regardless of the condition in Vwhich the hoisting apparatushappens to be. It will additionally be seen that, aside from thesebroader aspects of the present invention, I have created a number ofnovel, useful details such as the car coupler, the structure.and-material `transfer unit.

It shoud be noted that :although I have referred to Vthe driving -meansfor the apparatus simply as a motor, this designation is intended toincludesuch'speed reduction igearing as may be needed to translate thehigh lspeedfof a motor into thelowspeeds at-whichthe cage and drum mustrun; such vgearing beingeither .withinthe motor Acasing or in a separatecasing. Also, since that partof therotatingelementof the combined air-Vlock and Vmaterial 'transferring unit that receives the dumped load -issimply a pot or bucket having trunnions, the word drumis-used asdesignating -either this member, alone, orin combination with the-cylindrical member that provides an veffectiveair seal.

While I have illustrated `and described .with particularity onlya singlepreferred form of my invention, I do not desire to be limited to theexact structural details thus illustrated and described; but intend tocover all forms and arrangements which come within the definitions of myinvention constituting the appended claims.

I claim:

l. An unloading apparatus comprising a movable combined air-lock andmaterial transferring unit, a holder mounted above said unit forrotation about a horizontal axis and adapted to receive a car to beunloaded and dump its contents into said unit through a rotation of theholder, a motor, means to cause the motor to turn said holder, means tocause the motor to operate, said air-lock and material-transferringunit, a manually operable element having two working positions, andcontrolling devices to cause the rst of the aforesaid means to becomeactive when said element is placed in one Working position and the othermeans to become active when said element is placed in the other workingposition.

2. An unloading apparauts comprising a movable combined air-lock andmaterial transferring unit, a holder mounted above said unit forrotation about a horizontal axis and adapted to receive a car to beunloaded and dump its contents into said unit through a rotation of theholder, a motor, means to cause the motor to turn said holder through acomplete revolution or to operate said air-lock and materialtransferring unit through a complete cycle from a receiving positionthrough a discharge position and back to the receiving position, and amanually operable controller to determine which of said means shalloperate at any given time.

3. An unloading apparatus comprising a movable combined air lock andmaterial-transferring unit, a movable holder above said unit to receivea car to be emptied and turn it over to empty its contents into saidair-lock and materialtransferring unit, a motor, drive mechanism betweensaid motor and said holder to operate the latter when the motor runs inone direction, other drive means to operate said unit when the motor isreversed, and means to cause the motor to run alternately in oppositedirections.

4. An unloading apparatus comprising a movable combined air-lock andmaterial transferring unit, a movable holder above said unit to receivea car to be emptied and turn it over to empty its contents into saidair-lock and material transferring unit, a motor, drive mechanismbetween said motor and said holder to operate the latter when the motorruns in one direction, other drive means to operate said unit when themotor is reversed, a source of electric current, a manually-operableswitch to connect said motor to `said source for either forward orreverse-operation, and means associated with the said unit and with saidholder to keep'the motor running independently of said switch, afterhaving been started by the latter, until the holder or the said unit, asthecase may be, has completed a cycle of operations.

5. An apparatus for disposing material, comprising amaterial-transferring unit containing a horizontal rotatable .drumadapted'to receive material in one angular positionand lto discharge thematerial in another angular position, a holder for a car to be dumpedpositioned above the said unit and rotatable about a horizontal axis, agear wheel to turnsaid holder, .a ratchet wheel xed to said `gear Wheel,a second, oppositelyfacing ratchet wheel fixed to the-drum; a rotarydriving member, and oppositely-disposed pawls carried by said membereach of which .operates on oneof said ratchets, whereby the turning ofthe driving member in one direction causes it to drive said holder andthe turning of the driving member in the opposite direction causes it todrive said material-transferring unit.

6. An apparatus for disposing material, comprising a materialtransferring unit containing a horizontal rotatable drum adapted toreceive material in one angular position and to discharge the materialin another angular position, a holder for a car to be dumped positionedabove the said unit and rotatable about a horizontal axis, a gear wheelto turn said holder, a ratchet Wheel fixed to said gear wheel, a second,oppositely facing ratchetwheel iixedv to the drum; a motor-driven shaft,and oppositely-disposed pawls carried by said shaft each of whichoperates on one of said ratchets, whereby the turning of the shaft inone direction causes it to drive said holder and the turning of theshaft in the opposite direction causes it to drive saidmaterial-transferring unit, a master switch for the motor, and automaticswitches operated in unison with said holder and said unit to cause themotor to run for predetermined periods after having been started by themomentary closing of the switch.

7. A combined air-lock and material transferring apparatus comprising ahorizontal cylindrical casing closed at the ends and having top andbottom openings of considerable angular Width, a horizontal cylindricaldrum positioned and rotatable in said casing and having an openingadapted to register with either of the aforesaid openings, said drumbeing somewhat smaller in diameter than the internal diameter of thecasing and having its ends closed by the end walls of the casing,external fianges on the ends of the drum bridging the gap between thelatter and the Surrounding cylindrical Wall of the casing, a packingring surrounding the drum beside each flange, and means to clamp eachring to the adjacent fiange and expand it radially against thecylindrical wall of the casing.

8. A combined air lock and material transferring apparatus comprising ahorizontal cylindrical casing closed at the ends and having top andbottom openings of considerable angular width, a horizontal cylindricaldrum positioned and rotatable in said casing and having an openingadapted to register with either of the aforesaid openings, said drumbeing somewhat smaller in diameter than the internal diameter of thecasing and having its ends closed by the end wallsV of the casing,external ilanges on the ends of the drum bridging the gap between thelatter and the surrounding cylindrical wall of the casing, a packingring surrounding the drum beside each flange, means to clamp each ringto the adjacent flange and expand it radially against the cylindricalWall of the casing, longitudinal ribs distributed about and fixed to theperiphery of the drum, a loose clamping strip beside each rib, a packingstrip between each rib and the correslponding clamping strip, and meansto draw each rib and the co-operating clamping strip together to holdthe intervening packing strip and eX- pand it radially into engagementwith the cylindrical Wall of the casing.

9. A combinedgair-lock and material transferring unit comprising ahorizontal stationary cylindrical casing closed at the ends by end Wallsand having in the top and bottom long openings of considerable angularwidth, a rotatable cylindrical open-ended member tted into and rotatablein said casing and having an opening adapted to register with either ofthe openings in the casing, an open-top receptacle 'xed within saidrotatablemember with its mouth coincident with the opening in thatmember, and trunnions extending from said receptacle through said endWalls.

10. A combined air-lock and material transferring unit comprising ahorizontal stationary cylindrical casing closed at the ends by end wallsand having in the top and bottom long openings of considerable angularWidth, a rotatable cylindrical open-ended member fitted into androtatable in said casing and having an opening adapted to register witheither of the openings in the casing, an open-top receptacle xed Withinsaid rotatable member with its mouth coincident with the opening in thatmember, trunnions extending from said receptacle through said end Walls,and a counterweight on one of said trunnions to balance the rotatablestructure.

SETH M. GOQDER.

